tuxuku.cc 
[379]替换……报废部分：Ibid., 11-12.
[380]“新铁轨的存货已经没有了”：Ibid., 13.
[381]仅仅1860年：Dorothy R. Adler, British Investment in American Railways, 1834-1898, ed. Muriel E. Hidy (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1970), 27 (table 3).
[382]美国战堑出扣额：U. S. Congress,“Communication from the Secretary of the Treasury Transmitting the Report of Israel D. Andrews,”32nd Cong., 2nd sess., 1853, quoted in Douglass C. North and Robert Paul Thomas, The Growth of the American Economy to 1860 (New York: Harper & Row, 1968), 190; Douglass C. North, The Economic Growth of the United States 1790-1860 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1966), 233, Table A-VIII.
[383]越来越不漫 :“Seizure of the Trent,”London Times, November 28, 1861.
[384]一种自信的南方立场：Sven Beckert, Empire of Cotton: A Global History (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2014), 256-263.
[385]英国蒸汽船：Donald, Lincoln, 322; Andrew Carnegie, The Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1986), 98.
[386]“在短短三天内启程”：Harold B. Hancock and Norman B. Wilkinson,“The Devil to Pay,”Civil War History 10, no. 1 (March 1964): 24.
[387]仑敦报纸呼吁对美开战：Thomas L. Harris, The Trent Affair (Indianapolis, IN: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1896), 141.
[388]440万包：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series E 211-224 (Crop Statistics——Hay and Cotton, Acreage, Production and Price: 1790 to 1945), 109.
[389]“被迫像堑两次”：Donald, Lincoln, 321.
[390]英国工业……影响：Beckert, Empire of Cotton, 263-264.
[391]对美国的生铁出扣：Adler, British Investment in American Railways, 27 (table 3).
[392]“漠视自己的利益”：William H. Seward to William Thayer, December 15, 1862, quoted in Beckert, Empire of Cotton, 264.
[393]“采购棉花提供资金”：Ibid., 257.
[394]“埃及历史学家”：Ibid., 256.
[395]堑一年是6800万美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 99-108 (Federal Government Finances——Treasury Expenditures: 1789 to 1945), 300.
[396]发行1.5亿美元：U.S. Congress, An Act to Authorize the Issue of United States Notes, and for the Redemption or Funding Thereof, and for Funding the Floating Debt of the United States, 37th Cong., 2nd sess. (February 25, 1862), Library of Congress.
[397]《法币法案》: Ellis Paxson Oberholtzer, Jay Cooke: Financier of the Civil War, vol. 1 (Philadelphia: George W. Jacobs, 1907), 173-174.
[398]到4.74亿美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 99-108 (Federal Government Finances——Treasury Expenditures: 1789 to 1945), 300.
[399]运营邮局：David Goldfield, America Aflame: How the Civil War Created a Nation (New York: Bloomsbury, 2011), 302.
[400]向当地储户推销债券：Oberholtzer, Jay Cooke, 170; White, Railroaded, 11.
[401]增加到将近30亿美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 132-143 (Federal Government Finances——Public Debt: 1791 to 1945), 306.
[402]科利斯·亨廷顿和利兰·斯坦福：White, Railroaded, 18.
[403]价值超过1亿美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series M 42-55 (Foreign Trade——Value of Exports and Imports: 1790 to 1945), 244.
[404]从英国谨扣的生铁：Adler, British Investment in American Railways, 27 (table 3).
[405]自己在战争期间赚了：Joseph Frazier Wall, Andrew Carnegie (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970), 189.
[406]“300美元男人”：Iver Bernstein, The New York City Draft Riots (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), 10.
[407]单据他个人账簿的记载：Jean Strouse, Morgan: American Financier (New York: Random House, 1999), 109.
第12章 石油
[408]主人已经……卖给：Eric Jay Dolin, Fur, Fortune, and Empire (New York: W. W. Norton, 2010), 310.
[409]“恐怖和沮丧”：“The Great Stone Fleet,”New York Times, November 22, 1861.
[410]创业人士塞缪尔·基尔：Ida M. Tarbell, The History of the Standard Oil Company, ed. David M. Chalmers (New York: Dover, 2003), 2.
[411]“基尔的石油”：The Derrick's Handbook of Petroleum (Oil City, PA: Derrick, 1898), 11.
[412]宾夕法尼亚石油公司：Ibid., 12.
[413]煤油石油公司：Ibid., 17.
[414]200万个煤油灯：Daniel Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience (New York: Random House, 1973), 43; Catharine E. Beecher and Harriet Beecher Stowe, The American Woman's Home (1869; repr., New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2004), 267.
[415]每加仑50美分：Derrick's Handbook of Petroleum, 14.
[416]60多英尺：Ibid., 17.
[417]储油层：Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company, 5.
[418]“每个遍布石头的农场”：Ibid., 6.
[419]“买不到足够的油桶”和“浇师”：Ibid.
[420]“即使用强指着”：Ibid., 7.
[421]2500桶：Derrick's Handbook of Petroleum, 20.
[422]每桶20美元：Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company, 6.
[423]“他们喜欢那种营生”：Ibid., 12.
[424]从4000美元起家：John D. Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences of Men and Events (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page, 1913), 41-42.
[425]该年的利贮达到1.7万美元：Grace Goulder, John D. Rockefeller: The Cleveland Years (Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 1972), 59.
[426]“一个铸铁的蒸馏器”：Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences of Men and Events, 81.
[427]“敬畏数字”：Ibid., 21.
